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   As polymer dispersions do not stabilize pigments and fillers, itisnecessary to use wetting and dispersing agents in water-basedpaintworkmaterials. However, these agents should not be used inexcessiveamounts as they impair water resistance of the coating.
 

   Presenceof surfactants whichstabilize polymer dispersions makes them liable tofoam formation, soit is normally required to introduce defoamers whichshould be addeddirectly into the pigment paste in presence of wettingagents. To makefilm forming more efficient it is often recommended tointroducecoalescing additives as well.

 

   Most dispersions have too low viscosity for application, hence their rheological characteristics should be corrected by introduction of thickeners. For this purpose, besides conventional cellulose derivatives, various synthetic products and inorganic substances are used. Dispersions which contain the finest polymer particles dispersed in water are nutrient medium for microorganisms.  For this reason they should be protected from microbe attack in the packaging with packaging preservatives – biocides. The coatings are also attacked in wet environment and they should be treated with suitable antimicrobial agents.

  
 


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